In the realm of building safety, the significance of smoke extraction systems cannot be overstated. As integral components of fire protection strategies, these systems play a pivotal role in safeguarding occupants and minimizing property damage during emergencies. However, the approaches to designing and implementing these systems vary, with prescriptive and performance-based strategies offering distinct advantages. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the importance of smoke extraction systems in buildings and examine how prescriptive and performance-based approaches contribute to enhancing safety and mitigating fire risks.

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) has emerged as a transformative technology in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. It revolutionizes how buildings and infrastructure projects are designed, constructed, and managed throughout their lifecycle. BIM's ability to centralize and share rich data fosters collaboration, improves efficiency, and enhances decision-making processes. This article explores the fundamental concepts, benefits, challenges, and future prospects of BIM in the construction industry.

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Under the 2016 Paris Agreement, 197 countries, including Thailand, agreed to reduce carbon emissions by 50% by 2030 and to zero by 2050, to avoid the worst impacts of climate change. The urgency to address climate change is becoming increasingly undeniable and the built environment plays a crucial role in this challenge.

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